Transient Ischaemic Attack

Understanding TIA (Mini-Stroke)

A Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA), often referred to as a “mini-stroke,” occurs when there is a temporary disruption of blood supply to the brain. Although symptoms resolve within 24 hours, a TIA is a critical warning sign and should never be ignored. Without urgent medical attention, a full stroke may follow.

At the Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital, our specialist team provides fast, expert care for TIA, including diagnosis, risk assessment, and preventive treatment.

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Symptoms of a TIA

Symptoms of a TIA are similar to those of a stroke, but they usually last only a few minutes to a few hours. Common signs include:

• Sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg – particularly on one side
• Slurred speech or difficulty understanding others
• Loss of coordination or balance
• Temporary vision loss or blurred vision in one or both eyes
• Dizziness or confusion
• Difficulty swallowing

If you experience any of these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately, even if they resolve quickly.

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Causes and Risk Factors

TIAs are typically caused by a temporary blockage in a blood vessel supplying the brain. Risk factors include:

• High blood pressure
• Atrial fibrillation or irregular heart rhythms
• Diabetes
• High cholesterol
• Smoking
• Obesity and physical inactivity
• Family history of stroke or heart disease

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Diagnosis at Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital

We offer advanced diagnostics to determine the cause of a TIA and to prevent future strokes, including:

• Blood pressure and cardiovascular assessments
• MRI or CT brain scans
• Carotid ultrasound
• ECG or Holter monitor
• Blood tests for clotting, cholesterol, and blood sugar

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Treatment and Prevention

Although symptoms disappear quickly, the risk of a future stroke is highest in the first few days after a TIA. Our team offers:

• Immediate treatment to reduce stroke risk
• Medications to manage blood pressure, cholesterol, and prevent clotting
• Lifestyle guidance on diet, exercise, smoking cessation, and stress management
• Surgical referral if carotid artery narrowing is found
• Ongoing monitoring through our cardiology and neurology services

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Why Choose Us

At the Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital, we understand the urgency of TIA management. Our fast-track stroke prevention pathway ensures:

• Immediate access to neurologists and stroke specialists
• Same-day imaging and cardiovascular testing
• Bespoke treatment plans with long-term risk management
• Seamless referrals for further intervention if needed